Overview of the Biology, Epidemiology and Control Methods against Hard Ticks: A Review

Abstract

Ticks are among the obligated ecotparasites that feed blood of vertebrates particularly mammals birds and they are arachnids in the subclass Acari closely related to mites surviving for up to several years This review paper dials about the biology epidemiology and control methods of hard ticks Morphologically they are classified into two families known as Ixodidae and Argasidae All hard ticks feed only on blood of their hosts They are active during warm periods and easily find their hosts by grapping using their front legs and attach on the suitable site In their life cycle they have three active stages called larvae nymphs and adults after eggs is released which is dormant