Abstract

The mechanisms of generation of the nonlinear interactions in the quantum systems are studied using a nonlinear Schrodinger equation, which can describe the states and properties of motion of the microscopic particles. The investigations show that the interactions arises from the interaction between the moved particle and background field. the difficulties, limitations and approximations of the quantum mechanics and its roots and reasons are first revealed and pointed out. The quantum mechanics simplifies and blots out the real motions and interactions of the microscopic particles including the nonlinear interactions, thus the particles have only a wave feature, not corpuscle feature. In view of these problems and difficulties we add the nonlinear interaction, φ φ 2 b , into the dynamic equation and use again it to describe the particles. Thus the wave or dispersive effect of the particles is suppressed by the nonlinear interactions, thus its localization and wave-corpuscle duality are displayed and exhibited naturally. Subsequently, we investigate the features of the particles and find that the nonlinear interactions exist always, if and only if the real motions of the particles and background fields as well as the interactions between them are considered simultaneously. On the basis of analyses of dynamics of the electrons and nucleon or lattice (background) fields we give two mechanisms of self-interaction and selftrapping for the generation of nonlinear interactions and corresponding representations. Finally we discuss the properties of the nonlinear interactions in the two mechanisms and obtain the relations between the action and counteraction of the two nonlinear interactions of the particles and background fields. We find that although the nonlinear interaction accepted by the particles and background field can generate simultaneously in the nonlinear quantum systems, the two nonlinear interactions do not completely satisfy the law of action and counteract